The
following article is a direct translation from the classic
Genealogical and Heraldic reference "Herbarz Polski " by
Kasper Niesiecki S.J., (Lipsk) edition 1839-46.
Described by Okolski and Rutka this way: a man's heart, run
through clear down the middle, turned to the side, so torn that the
two parts barely hold together, in a field of red; above the helmet,
three ostrich plumes. In "Petrasancta in tess. gentilit.,"
the writer numbers many such families of Europe, particularly in
England and France, however one will not find a crest similar in
composition in his work.
The origin of this crest is placed in Lithuania or Moscow,
granted for bravery in routing the Tartars at the border. The
champion had killed the enemy's chief who led the charging
battalion. The Commander's death struck such terror in the eyes and
hearts of his army that they all took flight, leaving victory in the
hands of the opposing side. For this the crest AKSZAK was granted
which according to Stryjkowski translates from Lithuanian to OBRONA
(DEFENSE) which became the family name as well. However, no one
mentions where the other name, KARA (PUNISHMENT), came from.
The descendants of this first AKSZAK or OBRONA migrated to
Polesie where they held Tenuta Norynska for many years. Jan Akszak,
at one time assistant to the voivode, transferred to Kijów where he
served as land adjudicator, performed his duty to country loyally,
was appointed by many Sejms (Diets) to commissions such as, in 1607,
to select suitable sites in the Ukraine for fortifications. In 1611
and 1613, he helped to settle the boundary between the voivodship of
Kijów and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. In Moscow and Livonia, he
gave evidence of a chivalrous heart. In the courts, he exhibited
such knowledge of the Polish Law and dealt with such fairness that
the sentences passed by him were never reversed, not by tribunal nor
royal decree. His brother Michal gave his life for his country when
he was killed smiting Tartars at Ulaniki. The sons of Jan and
Barbara nee Klonska were: Marek, who spent his years in the royal
camp; Stefan, land adjudicator of Kijów, subperfect of Ostrzew and
Bobrowniki, who appeared as Deputy of the Radom Tribunal while a
delegate to the Sejm in Warsaw in 1626. The Sejm commissioned
him to settle the boundary between the Voivodship of Kijów and
Czerniechów. His wife Zofja nee Mozyrska, from the
chamberlain's court in Luzyce, gave birth to two sons: Jan, Master
of the Pantry at Kijów, whose son Józef settled in Voivodship Belz;
and, Gabryel. Stefan married anew: Katarzyna nee Czolhanska, besides
three daughters, bore him two sons, Alexander and Michal, who with
their brother Gabryel voted with the Kijów Voivodship to elect Jan
Kazimierz. Thus did God reward Stefan with a numerous progeny for
having funded the Dominican Fathers to the tune of 20,000.
Michal, the third son of Jan, Justice of Kijów, followed in the
footsteps of his knightly predecessors in defending his country, and
in 1632 voted to elect Wladyslaw IV. His wife was Ziemblicka.
One sister of the three brothers, after the death of her husband
Grab, devoted the rest of her life to God in the convent of St.
Dominik. Another sister was living with Józef Chalecki in 1650.
A Marek Akszak was in the Kijów army at
Motowidlówka in 1694.
Kazimierz, treasurer of Kijów, soldiered under
the Usar banner; had a son Felicyan by his wife Konstancja nee
Czolhanska; lands at Ostrog.
Stefan Akszak, Master of the Pantry at Wlodzimir,
Knight of the Order of St. Stanislaus, lived during the reign of
King Stanislaw August. (according to Wieladek).
Akszak, general, whose wife was the widow
Suffczynska nee Kuropatnicka, sister of the Castellan of Betz.
Akszak, married Wessl, sister of the royal assistant
treasurer; had a son.
Akszak, colonel in the Polish Army, country squire in Radziwil;
had descendants. (Krasicki). |